---
title: "Kareem Ashraf (@kareemashraf) | Hashnode"
description: "Software Engineer. Read the latest articles by Kareem Ashraf on Hashnode."
url: "https://hashnode.com/@kareemashraf"
---

@kareemashraf

# Kareem Ashraf

@kareemashraf · Alexandria, egypt · Joined April 2026

Software Engineer

### [How to Actually Design Microservices: Boundaries, Splits, and Database Ownership](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/how-to-actually-design-microservices-boundaries-splits-and-database-ownership?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

Most teams get the communication layer right and the design layer completely wrong. Here's the mental model that fixes that.

20 min read · [kareemdev.hashnode.dev](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/how-to-actually-design-microservices-boundaries-splits-and-database-ownership?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

[Oct 3](https://hashnode.com/posts/how-to-actually-design-microservices-boundaries-splits-and-database-ownership/6ac10deff24fc7c16b73d5f8)

### [How to Scale a Backend Service: From SLOs to Load Testing to Horizontal Scaling](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/how-to-scale-a-backend-service-from-slos-to-load-testing-to-horizontal-scaling?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

An end-to-end path from SLIs and error budgets to k6, the knee of the curve, headroom, N+1, and autoscaling.

33 min read · [kareemdev.hashnode.dev](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/how-to-scale-a-backend-service-from-slos-to-load-testing-to-horizontal-scaling?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

[Oct 2](https://hashnode.com/posts/how-to-scale-a-backend-service-from-slos-to-load-testing-to-horizontal-scaling/6abf91c2fa48009acc8fa8b0)

### [Fixing Hot Partitions in Multi-Tenant Kafka](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/fixing-hot-partitions-in-multi-tenant-kafka?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

A practical guide to hot partitions: key salting, custom partitioners, and tenant tiering

11 min read · [kareemdev.hashnode.dev](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/fixing-hot-partitions-in-multi-tenant-kafka?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

[Sep 27](https://hashnode.com/posts/fixing-hot-partitions-in-multi-tenant-kafka/6ab938fe710fc13ae095726e)

### [Nobody Planned This Stack: How Reliability Really Gets Built in Production Systems](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/nobody-planned-this-stack-how-reliability-really-gets-built-in-production-systems?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

Retries, idempotency, DLQs, reconciliation, and why every team ends up with the same design.

21 min read · [kareemdev.hashnode.dev](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/nobody-planned-this-stack-how-reliability-really-gets-built-in-production-systems?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

[Sep 24](https://hashnode.com/posts/nobody-planned-this-stack-how-reliability-really-gets-built-in-production-systems/6ab57f48252ffca9a4dc381c)

### [Choosing a Rate Limiter That Works in Production](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/choosing-a-rate-limiter-that-works-in-production?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

Distributed state, keys, Redis — and a decision model for all five algorithms

17 min read · [kareemdev.hashnode.dev](https://kareemdev.hashnode.dev/choosing-a-rate-limiter-that-works-in-production?utm_source=hashnode&utm_medium=feed)

[Sep 22](https://hashnode.com/posts/choosing-a-rate-limiter-that-works-in-production/6ab2dc442223e0fe5a449dab)