Disclaimer: My opinion and limited experience ahead!
Growing in a career is not easy and always dependent on you. You have to be the active part. The place I work at promotes changing positions every three years in order to experiment, gain new insights and a lot of experience, so every employee can find the right topic and position for life. When that position is found, further growth can be achieved by learning in-depth knowlegde. Be the guy everyone asks when they have trouble. Make a name for yourself. Be very knowledgeable, have a mentor-attitude and be able to lead (projects or a team in general).
As a consequence, what you should do is take a look at vacancies. Switching departments internally usually is very easy and not very comparable to applications from extern, so don't worry too much. Just look for something, which interests and motivates you. Don't talk to your boss/colleagues about it until you have the OK from your new boss (or you would only cause lots of trouble for nothing, especially if your application does not work out). One thing to look out for is: You want to grow! Make sure you get the same money when applying for another position and try to define a loan-goal which is 2 levels above the entry-level. Once you have the job, make sure to go to your boss after 1-1.5 years and get a raise. Make sure to have good arguments (like a difficult upcoming project or a very successful finished project). As soon as you reach your loan-goal, go for another job.
I do not know how old you are and how much experience you have. But as soon as you think, you have the position you really love and want to stay, start making a name for yourself. Be knowledgeable. Be a mentor. Be a leader. Be innovative. Be open-minded. Be active. You should always try to take some time and inform yourself about latest trends. For example new project management strategies. New processes. New patterns and algorithms. New problem-solving strategies (also to solve problems in a team between humans!!!). Come up with new ideas and projects which will position your corporation at the top of the others, save money or just make everything more efficient (maybe by cleaning up old clutter). Show that you are the most important person (but stay humble!). That way, you can demand further loan increases while doing what you love. Things will happen, and you must be the center.
What to do after that, when you have achieved everything I mentioned, really is up to you. I, for my part, am too young to think about these things. Maybe you want to take more time for your family. Maybe you want to start travelling more. Do whatever you want; you already made a name for yourself and no matter what you do, you won't have problems in your job-life any more.
Well, everything I wrote sure sounds a lot easier than it is, but I hope you get the gist of it.