Vue and React aren't that different when you think of it. They both handle only the View layer, they both work with a virtual DOM and they are both very performant (Vue being somewhat faster).
From my experience, while developing with Vue your thoughts around state is more of a module/component kind of structure - Props down Events up. You can maintain that thinking with React as well, but generally a React project also involves Flux or Redux, meaning you will have to think about state in a different way - unidirectional data flow, Component>Actions>Reducers>Store>.
I believe that if you've worked with Vue +Redux, you're going to be able to hop into a React +Redux project just by reading some documentation on React.
However, if you're new to the idea of unidirectional data flow /Flux/Redux, then that's probably where you need to spend most time to catch up and grasp that way of thinking.
My recommendation would be to build a small hobby app (ToDo list, Shopping Cart, MineSweeper), that even if it's a small app, contains most of the important parts that a larger app would also contain. Spend a weekend working on that, getting to know the stack you're preparing for, and you'll have a good springboard into React.