https://postgis.net will be a great start for simple out of the box solution.

As I wrote, we had two problems - the quality of the data and the geocoding system for this data. While the second problem could have been solved (and probably should have been, but then I would have missed a lot of new things for myself) with a ready-made approach, the first one would have had to be dealt with independently anyway.

TJ Gokken Is it possible, instead of base dictionary labeled images, get centers of common image clusters from API? Because if you try to match some distant from your dictionary images (image of a cat when your dictionary contains only oceans/forests) you will get very confusing results. Or is it possible to get at least somehow unified distances between detected tags (cat and tiger are more similar than cat and toaster)?

What "image tags" are? What does ExtractImageTags function do?