The article is well written and it has a very good knowledge about how to refactor a code, but I would do this refactoring in a completely different way. If you have a static list of items (that is short enough as in the example), why don't you simple create a variable that will be the final resolve as you expect? Why using loops and so on while you could have a simple const newOutput = [ ['Angular', 3, '#d17a29'], ['React', 1, '#da9554'], ['Vue', 2, '#e3af7f'], ['Next', 1, '#edcaa9'], ['HTML', 2, '#f6e4d4'], ['Other', 3, '#204e77'] ];