Thank you Jesse! I've kept the validator function in a separate file because it uses a module called 'dns' from node which I had to import. So, I did not want the entity to directly depend upon any framework/library. Just separation of concerns. Is the way you've got it here a common node pattern? ---> Actually the framework I've used is Express.js(Nodejs framework) and it doesn't follow any pattern/architecture. It's completely flexible. This is the first time I'm following any architecture and still exploring, so I might be wrong on some parts馃槄. Sorry for a really late reply :(