@waleed07

Muhammad Waleed Akram

@waleed07Joined January 2026

Exploring systems, code, and computer architecture

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Muhammad Waleed Akram's blogs

OpenRoadwaleed-vlsi.hashnode.dev8 posts

RISC-Vrandomchecking.hashnode.dev4 posts

Understanding Olympia & EDM Motivationwaleed-riscv.hashnode.dev3 posts

RV-SPARSEwaleed-risc-v.hashnode.dev2 posts

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Recently published

MWMuhammad Waleed Akramrandomchecking.hashnode.devJul 23 · 5 min read

From a Simple FSM to Hardware Control-Flow Integrity: Understanding the Purpose of the RISC-V CFI Coding Challenge

Introduction After spending the past few days studying the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) specification, one question kept coming to my mind. Why was the coding challenge designed as such a simpl

MWMuhammad Waleed Akramrandomchecking.hashnode.devJul 22 · 5 min read

Understanding the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA - Part 3: Privileged Architecture

Introduction In the previous two posts, I explored the Landing Pad (Zicfilp) and Shadow Stack (Zicfiss) extensions from the Unprivileged ISA. Those chapters describe how the instructions work and how

MWMuhammad Waleed Akramrandomchecking.hashnode.devJul 22 · 6 min read

Understanding the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA - Part 2: Shadow Stack (Zicfiss)

Introduction In the previous blog, I explored Landing Pads (Zicfilp), which protect forward-edge control flow by ensuring that indirect branches only reach authorized destinations. The second part of

MWMuhammad Waleed Akramrandomchecking.hashnode.devJul 22 · 5 min read

Understanding the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA - Part 1: Landing Pads (Zicfilp)

Introduction I started studying the recently RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA extensions. I wanted to first understand why these extensions exist and what security problems they solve. This pos

MWMuhammad Waleed Akramwaleed-risc-v.hashnode.devMay 15 · 6 min read

My Understanding of RV-Sparse and Why Sparse Linear Algebra on RISC-V Matters

My Understanding of RV-Sparse and Why Sparse Linear Algebra on RISC-V Matters Recently, while exploring open-source systems and computer architecture projects, I came across the RV-Sparse project: RV-

Muhammad Waleed Akram

About

Available for

Muhammad Waleed Akram's blogs

Recently published

From a Simple FSM to Hardware Control-Flow Integrity: Understanding the Purpose of the RISC-V CFI Coding Challenge

Understanding the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA - Part 3: Privileged Architecture

Understanding the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA - Part 2: Shadow Stack (Zicfiss)

Understanding the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA - Part 1: Landing Pads (Zicfilp)

My Understanding of RV-Sparse and Why Sparse Linear Algebra on RISC-V Matters

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Muhammad Waleed Akram

About

Available for

Muhammad Waleed Akram's blogs

Recently published

From a Simple FSM to Hardware Control-Flow Integrity: Understanding the Purpose of the RISC-V CFI Coding Challenge

Understanding the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA - Part 3: Privileged Architecture

Understanding the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA - Part 2: Shadow Stack (Zicfiss)

Understanding the RISC-V Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) ISA - Part 1: Landing Pads (Zicfilp)

My Understanding of RV-Sparse and Why Sparse Linear Algebra on RISC-V Matters