I haven't tested everything so this is a biased answer, but I used Consul (and am slowly introducing it in my new company) to centralize and manage configs and it's always a pleasure to work with this. (In a Kubernetes world, I used Helm to inject config from templates and that was also really nice, but different flows).
I don't remember the max size for records of the Consul key value store, but it can store pretty much any config (I used it mostly for Json, ini and NGINX templates, which are just text files).