It is a line graph. I think coinbase uses the highcharts premade layouts there. But if you want to get your feet wet in bit of js and svg here is the roadmap:
make a call to your server either via ajax or web socket to get the data.
if the data is binary read the buffer, if text you don't need to do anything
once you have the data, split into an array [[x0,y0],[x1,y2]]
pass it to a svg path generator such as d3.svg.line().interpolate('cardinal') (this is d3v3) or d3.line().curve(..) (this is d3v4)
when you click another button update the data and the svg path by using plain transition via attr("d",...) if the path length is more or less similar or attrTween("d",..) to tweak the transition the way you want.
You can then use gradients..etc to color the line.