I recently shared this awesome article by Eric Elliott - Are Programmer Brains Different? which gives you core answers and provides links to some researches you are looking for.
Nevertheless, not engineer is capable to answer your question how you formed it but a neuroscience. However, in terms of abilities, I am still able to confirm the Conclusion in Eric's article:
Are programmer brains different? There seems to be good evidence to support the idea that programmers may have enhanced working memory capacity, heightened language processing skills, stronger analytical skills, and possibly enhanced hippocampus capacity (we need lots more research in this area to test those educated guesses).
Please note, that Eric marked a word "may" and that there is a need of more research.
In other words: Brain is like a body and only if you train it, it may "look" stronger, and as an engineer you get a better memory, can think in smallest details applying logic and analysis, etc.