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I'll back up the other answers and say if you don't know vanilla JavaScript yet, learn that first. You need to know the core tech not just the abstractions.

A simplistic, incomplete but not-excessively-inaccurate comparison:

• jQuery is a DOM scripting library that helps the author manipulate the browser's DOM directly, providing neat syntax and cross-browser normalisation for common methods. Typically used to add behaviour to a server-side-rendered site or app.
• React is a client-side library that abstracts DOM manipulation. The author changes application state, state is reflected in React's "virtual DOM", and React updates the browser's DOM to reflect the virtual DOM.

Both do more than just that, I've skipped a lot of details, but it's as quick as I can come up with to describe the general difference.

In a very broad sense, yes you can do anything you need to do with both jQuery and React; because they are two ways write an application that renders its UI in the DOM. But in a practical sense they are not interchangeable.

Also most React applications add in quite a lot more than just the pure view/dom management stuff, so "learning React" tends to mean learning a full suite of tools like state managers, type systems, etc. So when you add all that in, it has no real resemblance to jQuery.

Which should you learn now? Depends on the job you have and/or want.

• If you are doing a lot new, small, content-focused websites (not apps) I think you should focus on good old fashioned DOM scripting with vanilla JavaScript/ES6. React is overkill for a small website.
• If you are maintaining existing/legacy websites or apps, you are probably going to encounter jQuery. You should at least know its fundamentals... but if you know vanilla JavaScript and CSS selectors you'll probably be able to learn whatever you need as you go. So you don't particularly need to learn it up front.
• If you are working on new web applications, or websites with a lot of data handling on the client side, then you should learn React.

So in reality: a good plan is probably to learn JavaScript/ES6, because that's the core language and the knowledge has real longevity. Then learn React, and pick up whatever jQuery you need when you encounter it.