It is obvious that experience sets the experience apart from the beginners. But then again, experience comes in different flavors. A beginner with no experience, will need to learn. Is nothing one can do about that. The only question is how fast can one build experience and when can one claim to have experience. A programmer must have an open mind and native curiosity. Without that, even with experience, he will be just average. Maybe even good in some domain. But in our field, to keep up at the same level, you need to learn constantly. In my opinion, the question focuses on the wrong thing, because answering this question is meaningless. It is interesting how things are different among people that know what they are doing.
I would say that a junior programmer, will be overwhelmed with buzz words, and will feel crushed by the things out of his control. Like languages, frameworks, best practices, advice from people that are or just seem to know what they are talking about. Beginners are obsessed with tooling, low level thinking, premature optimization - lots of times, with solving problems that are not actually there.
Once one gets more experience, he becomes aware that thinking at a higher level is a lot more important than micromanagement. Understanding a problem, is more important than starting to code a solution and making something that almost works. Frameworks and tools are not longer as important. Thinking comes first. Tools come later.
Another important aspect, is how one deals with team work. An experienced programmer, will fit in and will have decent social skills. Those are really important, because a project can fail with great people in a team, if the communication lacks. Building skills on top of technical skills is an important part of the job.
An experienced programmer, when faced with a task, will not just try to solve that task, but understand why he must do that in the first place. He will think at the system and at the impact it would have. And maybe ever rephrase the requirements in a new way, that better describes the domain, solve the original task, but many other things as well. Or it may not even solve the thing asked in the first place, because it was not actually needed.
What I am trying to say, is that experience brings wisdom, and that is built on top of knowledge, intelligence, empathy and skill. Many people think that intelligence and skill is all you need. But in reality, we live in a complex world, and is important to have a broader view of reality.