As a full-time independent/freelance developer, I have some freedom in my schedule but I find it's both a blessing and a curse so I try to keep to a similar schedule most days.
I'm usually up around 5am and clear my inbox, read RSS/Twitter, etc while having a couple cups of coffee. After that, I check Trello for any tasks my clients have added directly and prioritize my work for the day. Then it's time to shower, dress, and get ready to be productive.
Some days I head to the local coffee shop for a change of environment and other days I work at home for the controlled environment.
After the initial morning routine, I'm usually doing work by 7-7:30am. I try to do a couple quick tasks to get momentum going and then I always do the one task I want to do the least to get it out of the way and not give myself a chance to let it go.
Another part of my overall routine is minimizing distractions. I put the phone on silent (completely, no vibrate). I only read/respond to email first thing in the morning, at lunch, and at the end of the day. I make my clients aware of this so their expectations for responses aren't an issue. Sometimes I'll hit Twitter up briefly at lunch and other times not at all until after my "work day" is over. I don't have too many meetings/phone calls but when I do, I schedule them for the morning so they don't disrupt the rest of my day and my workflow.
I take two 30-60 minute walks every day to clear my head and force me to get away from the computer. They usually happen when I'm stuck on a task or have completed a larger task and want to reset before moving on.
I try to wrap up client work for the day by 4-4:30pm (unless I have a major deadline or am in a real coding zone). I live alone and (mostly) work from home so after I'm done with client work I'll put a couple hours into personal projects, learning new technologies, etc.
Then it's dinner time. After that, I'll put some more time into personal projects, read, watch tv, or fire up the Xbox - or some combination of those. I also make time for friends/family in the evenings (and on the weekends).
Then, go to bed. Wake up. Repeat.
I enjoy the lifestyle as a whole but it took a lot of years working full-time for others and over-working for myself to get to this point. The only thing I find I'm lacking these days is contact with other developers but I try to go to local development meet-ups and am active in a few Gitter channels and other online communities that give me exposure to some smart developers who push each other and share ideas.