I have very less information about Laravel but, to increase the efficiency and reduce the latency, one can do is distribute the data. This involves the networks, the databases (like NoSQL databases, built with a focus on scalability, so they all include some form of sharding or partitioning so, the data can be distributed and easily accessed).
So, to get high speed access, all the above mentioned factors are to be considered. For reference, you can watch this video: youtube.com/watch (basic idea).