Linux is based on Unix. This answers the question I had for years, about why most developers always went with a Mac as opposed to a Windows PC. Programming languages are fairly native, if not built into, most Linux builds - such as Python.
Mac OS is a Unix based GUI, and it would explain why dropping to terminal is very much like doing so with a flavor of Linux. Bash is native and I believe PHP and Python are now native to a clean install.
Windows now offers a bash prompt, as well as Git for Windows, which is a fairly cool emulator, but it's still not the "real deal". Often, trying to install compatibility to a non-Microsoft language can present unexpected issues. For example, years ago, I would write PHP code, throw it onto a non-Windows server, and it would error out since Windows wasn't catching the errors in syntax.
Linux servers fairly dominate in the world of hosting. Mostly because they're open source, and now offer powerful and customizable systems (like a VPS) for much lower costs than a licensed Windows Server.
All three offer package managers, the most popular being Apt, Yum (Linux), Homebrew (Mac OS), and Chocolately (Windows, which now enables you to install Nano and other important bash features that can be used alongside Git for Windows and software like my personal choice, ConEmu.)
Homebrew - brew.sh
Chocolately - chocolatey.org
ConEmu - conemu.github.io