I work in a small startup whose web platform is written in Grails. The UI consist of two frameworks: Angular and GSP (Groovy Server Pages). While it's possible to use jQuery in GSP via a plugin, it's not possible to force use React or Angular in GSP. So yeah, if you are in a situation like this and working on a legacy system, you may want to use jQuery, even in 2017 because using it would be far more easier than reinventing the wheel.
If you are starting fresh on a personal project or in a startup, it's better to use Angular (good if it's Angular 1) or React. I've used all of them and personally, I like React. The JSX (html in JavaScript) may feel awkward at first most of it is like writing html with minor modifications. It's easier to write and look more beautiful than all the #hashes and $dollars in JQuery.