This framing lands well — especially the point that most breaches start not with a zero-day but with over-privileged identities and permissions granted once and never revoked. The distinction you draw between IAM authentication and CIEM authorization risk is the part teams often miss: knowing who someone is does not tell you whether they should be able to reach a given resource. Pairing that visibility with just-in-time access for the admin and vendor cases you list feels like the practical payoff — access that is minimal and temporary, with revocation built in rather than left as a cleanup task. I would be curious how teams handle the emergency-access case in practice, where speed matters most and the automatic revocation after an incident needs to be airtight.