Being rude towards your employees does not make them grow into better engineers.
I've seen great teams do amazing things because of the culture of being open and supportive. People were willing to collaborate and it was easy to do projects where multiple teams had to work together in order to achieve something.
I've also seen great teams fall apart because of miscommunication, ego issues of the team leads/managers/C-suite. This type of behavior drove away several senior developers.
So, I'd say no, people shouldn't grow a thick skin, they should learn how to communicate and collaborate, regardless of the position they're in.
Also, if you can't change the company culture, you can always find another company with a better engineering culture.