Facebook is a major contributor to Open Source Software. They open source nearly all useful technologies that go in their product across platforms like iOS, Android, Web, Backend and hardware technologies.
Going by the GitHub Page of Facebook, they heavily uses C++, Java, JavaScript, Python and Objective-C.
You can see more here - code.facebook.com/projects
Someone from Facebook can contribute better to the answer.
There are lots of things there. You can see the following quora link where it being answered by people who actually worked on facebook.
quora.com/What-programming-languages-are-used-at-…
Mostly they are using PHP, Python,C,C++and Java for website and backend services Erlang for chat services.
I known that they used to use PHP but it was changed.
I am a beginner in web development. I would like your directions to evolve well. Which languages or framework can I start?
Ibrahim Tanyalcin
{intrst:"Scnc&Art",msc:"admin@MutaFrame",strive:"Experiment&Learn",loves:"ES5",hates:"bandwagon",lang:"Javascript",twttr:"@ibrhmTanyalcin"}
stackshare.io/facebook/facebook
But, please follow and do what you love.