Mar 13 · 17 min read · TLDR: Payment systems optimize for correctness first, then throughput. This guide covers idempotency, double-entry ledgers, and reconciliation. Stripe processes over 250 million API requests per day, and every single payment must be idempotent: a us...
Join discussionMar 13 · 17 min read · TLDR: A notification platform routes events to per-channel Kafka queues, deduplicates with Redis, and tracks delivery via webhooks — ensuring that critical alerts like password resets never get blocked by marketing batches. Uber sends over 1 million...
Join discussionMar 13 · 16 min read · TLDR: Cloud sync systems separate immutable blob storage (S3) from atomic metadata operations (PostgreSQL), using chunk-level deduplication to optimize storage costs and delta-sync events to minimize bandwidth. Dropbox serves 700 million registered ...
Join discussionMar 13 · 14 min read · TLDR: Distributed caches trade strict consistency for sub-millisecond read latency, using consistent hashing to scale horizontally without causing database-shattering "cache stampedes" during cluster rebalancing. Instagram's primary database once se...
Join discussionJan 23 · 6 min read · Yesterday, normally I was just watching YouTube videos and reading comments, and goes for video summarization section and asked my question about the video. But suddenly I clicked that this video is nearly 15 years old and still YouTube summarizes it...
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Dec 9, 2025 · 20 min read · The Singleton Design Pattern is one of the most widely known and frequently used creational design patterns in software engineering. It ensures that a class has only one instance throughout the application lifecycle and provides a global point of acc...
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Nov 23, 2025 · 6 min read · Design a Global News Feed: Let's Build a Modern Social Network! Ever wondered how Facebook, Twitter (X), or Instagram deliver personalized news feeds to millions of users worldwide? It's a complex system, but don't worry, we'll break it down! Today, ...
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Oct 22, 2025 · 4 min read · Why System Design Interviews Matter (and How to Approach Them) If you’ve ever applied for a senior software engineer or architect role, you’ve likely faced the system design interview. Unlike coding rounds where you just solve a clear problem, system...
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Oct 9, 2025 · 4 min read · This post explains the quick, complex process your browser undergoes, including DNS lookup, TCP/TLS handshakes, HTTP requests, and server responses, in a clear and structured way. 🧑🏽💻 1. Browser Parsing “When we type a URL, the browser first ch...
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